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Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules

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Electrochemical Gold(III) Sensor with High Sensitivity and Tunable Dynamic Range.

Yao Wu¹, Rebecca Y Lai¹

¹University of Nebraska-Lincoln , 651 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|January 19, 2016

Summary

We developed a new electrochemical ion sensor to detect gold ions (Au(III)). This sensor uses adenine and methylene blue-modified DNA probes, showing high sensitivity and selectivity for Au(III) detection.

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Biosensing
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Gold ions (Au(III)) are important in various fields, necessitating accurate detection methods.
Existing detection methods for Au(III) may lack sensitivity, specificity, or selectivity.
Electrochemical sensors offer a promising platform for sensitive and selective analyte detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and fabricate a sensitive, specific, and selective electrochemical ion (E-ION) sensor for Au(III) detection.
To investigate the sensing mechanism based on Au(III)-adenine interactions and its effect on methylene blue (MB)-modified DNA probes.
To evaluate the sensor's performance, including sensitivity, selectivity, and dynamic range, by varying DNA probe length.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an electrochemical sensor using methylene blue (MB)-modified oligoadenine probes.
Utilizing the interaction between Au(III) and adenine to induce structural changes in the DNA probe.
Measuring the concentration-dependent reduction in the MB signal as an indicator of Au(III) presence.
Tuning sensor performance by altering the length of the adenine DNA probe (A6 and A12).

Main Results:

The developed E-ION sensor demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for Au(III) detection.
The sensing mechanism relies on Au(III)-adenine complex formation, leading to reduced MB signal.
Sensors with A6 and A12 probes achieved limits of detection of 50 nM and 20 nM, respectively.
The dynamic range of the sensor is tunable by adjusting the DNA probe length.

Conclusions:

The designed E-ION sensor provides a sensitive and selective method for Au(III) detection.
The sensing strategy utilizing DNA probe structural changes offers a promising approach for Au(III) analysis.
Further optimization could enhance the sensor's applicability in various analytical scenarios.