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Published on: January 27, 2023
[Risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus in early preterm infants: a case-control study]
Jin-Feng Du1, Tian-Tian Liu, Hui Wu
1First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China. wuhui97@126.com.
Insights
Neonatal infections and low platelet counts after birth are key risk factors for developing significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Identifying these can help reduce PDA occurrence.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Perinatal Medicine
Context:
- Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common complication in early preterm infants.
- Hemodynamically significant PDA (hs-PDA) poses risks to neonatal health.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose:
- To identify risk factors associated with hs-PDA in early preterm infants.
- To establish a clinical basis for PDA prevention strategies.
- To analyze the impact of neonatal and maternal factors on hs-PDA development.
Summary:
- A case-control study involving 136 early preterm infants with hs-PDA and 136 controls (gestational age ≤32 weeks) was conducted.
- Neonatal infectious diseases and decreased platelet count within 24 hours post-birth were identified as independent risk factors for hs-PDA.
- Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and low birth weight were associated with hs-PDA in univariate analysis.
Impact:
- Findings provide evidence for targeted prevention of hs-PDA in vulnerable preterm neonates.
- Highlights the importance of monitoring platelet counts and managing infections in preterm infants.
- Informs clinical practice aimed at reducing the incidence and complications of PDA.
Objective:
To investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to provide a clinical basis for reducing the occurrence of PDA in early preterm infants.
Methods:
A total of 136 early preterm infants (gestational age≤32 weeks) who were hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2014 and diagnosed with hemodynamicalhy significant PDA (hs-PDA) were enrolled as the case group. Based on the matched case-control principle, 136 early preterm infants without hs-PDA were selected among those who were hospitalized within the same period at a ratio of 1:1 and enrolled as the control group. The two groups were matched for sex and gestational age. The basic information of neonates and maternal conditions during the pregnancy and perinatal periods were collected. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for the development of PDA.
Results:
Univariate analysis showed that neonatal infectious diseases, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth, and low birth weight were associated with the development of hs-PDA (P<0.05). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that neonatal infectious diseases (OR=2.368) and decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth (OR=0.996) were independent risk factors for hs-PDA.
Conclusions:
Neonatal infectious diseases and decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth increase the risk of hs-PDA in early preterm infants.
