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Related Experiment Videos

[Suspicion on sulfites].

E Giffon1, D Vervloet, J Charpin

  • 1Service de Pneumophtisiologie-Allergologie, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Sulfites, used in food and drugs, can trigger asthma attacks in 4-8% of asthmatics. Diagnosis involves oral provocation tests, and certain medications may prevent sulfite-induced bronchospasm.

Area of Science:

  • Food science and toxicology
  • Pulmonary medicine and allergy

Context:

  • Sulfites possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, leading to widespread use in food and pharmaceuticals.
  • A significant subset of asthmatic patients exhibit sensitivity to sulfites, manifesting as anaphylactoid reactions or asthma exacerbations.

Purpose:

  • To review the clinical implications of sulfite sensitivity in asthmatics.
  • To discuss diagnostic methodologies, particularly oral provocation tests, and their limitations.
  • To explore potential preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions for sulfite-induced bronchospasm.

Summary:

  • 4-8% of individuals with asthma are sensitive to sulfites, with steroid-dependent asthmatics being a majority.
  • The precise mechanism of sulfite-induced asthma remains unclear, with hypotheses including reaginic mechanisms, SO2-induced reflex bronchoconstriction, or sulfite oxidase deficiency.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Oral provocation tests are the diagnostic standard but suffer from high false-positive rates (57-70%); correlation with food challenges is variable.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the challenges in diagnosing sulfite sensitivity and the unreliability of food-based provocation tests.
    • Identifies potential pharmacological interventions like Vitamin B12, atropine, doxepin, and sodium cromoglycate for preventing sulfite-induced bronchospasm.
    • Underscores the importance of careful sulfite avoidance in susceptible asthmatic individuals, particularly concerning both food and drug sources.