Streptomyces arcticus sp. nov., isolated from frozen soil

Actinomycete strain ZLN234^T was isolated from a frozen soil sample, which was collected from a glacier front in the Arctic. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics were found to be typical of members of the genus Streptomyces. The strain formed a distinct phyletic line in the 16S rRNA gene tree and was closely related to Streptomyces olivochromogenes ATCC 3336^T (98.63 % similarity) and Streptomyces aureus B7319^T (98.56 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gyrB gene also showed clearly that strain ZLN234^T was different from all recognized Streptomyces species. The whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, ribose and rhamnose. The whole-cell-wall amino acids included alanine, glutamine, glycine and meso-diaminopimelic acid with a minor amount of ll-diaminopimelic acid. The characteristic polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and unknown phospholipids. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H₁₀), MK-9(H₈) and MK-9(H₄). The major cellular fatty acids comprised anteiso-C_15 : 0, iso-C_16 : 0 and C_16 : 0 with a small amount of iso-C_16 : 1ω7 and anteiso-C_14 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strain ZLN234^T was 77.5 mol%. On the basis of these phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain ZLN234^T ( = CCTCC AA 2015005^T = DSM 100713^T) is the type strain of a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces arcticus sp. nov. is proposed.