Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

7.8K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.8K
Storage01:23

Storage

479
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
479
Sensory Memory01:14

Sensory Memory

881
Sensory memory captures information from the environment in its original form for a very brief duration, just long enough to be exposed to visual, auditory, and other senses. This type of memory is detailed and rich but quickly lost unless certain strategies are employed to transfer it into short-term or long-term memory. Sensory information is continuously bombarding the human brain, yet only a small fraction is absorbed, as most of it does not significantly impact daily life. For instance,...
881
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

1.2K
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
1.2K
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

536
Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
536
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

1.8K
Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Measurement prediction and power analysis for fNIRS and DOT.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Effects of Task-Irrelevant Talker Identity and Continuity on Spatial Selective Attention Under Interruption.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Prediction from Statistical Learning Aids Auditory Scene Analysis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Acoustic Salience Drives Pupillary Dynamics in an Interrupted, Reverberant Task.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Investigating bottlenose dolphin physiology using near-infrared spectroscopy.

The Journal of experimental biology·2026
Same author

Interactions between sensory-biased and supramodal working memory networks in the human cerebral cortex.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.2K

Short-term memory stores organized by information domain.

Abigail L Noyce1, Nishmar Cestero2, Barbara G Shinn-Cunningham2

  • 1Boston University, 2 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. anoyce@bu.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|January 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual and auditory systems process spatial and temporal information differently in short-term memory (STM). Crossmodal comparisons showed that STM organization can transcend sensory-specific processing, impacting both visual and auditory recall.

Keywords:
Attention: Interactions with memoryMultisensory processingVisual short-term memoryVisual working memory

More Related Videos

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
15:57

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Published on: May 4, 2011

17.3K
Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants

Published on: September 18, 2018

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.2K
Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
15:57

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Published on: May 4, 2011

17.3K
Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants

Published on: September 18, 2018

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sensory Processing
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • Vision excels in spatial resolution, while audition excels in temporal resolution.
  • Understanding the interplay between sensory modalities and short-term memory (STM) is crucial.
  • Investigating how spatial and temporal information are encoded and retrieved across senses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between visual and auditory modalities and spatial and temporal short-term memory (STM).
  • To determine if STM representations are modality-specific or can be generalized across senses.
  • To examine the impact of perceptual fidelity and crossmodal comparisons on STM performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized change detection tasks with short sequences of visual or auditory items.
  • Presented unimodal (visual-visual, auditory-auditory) and crossmodal (visual-auditory, auditory-visual) trials.
  • Subjects attended to either spatial locations or temporal intervals within sequences.

Main Results:

  • Spatial STM performance was superior in unimodal visual trials.
  • Temporal STM performance was superior in unimodal auditory trials.
  • Crossmodal performance was comparable to or better than weaker unimodal trials, indicating no comparison cost.

Conclusions:

  • STM representations of space and time can guide change detection across sensory modalities.
  • The temporal or spatial organization of STM may override sensory-specific processing.
  • Perceptual fidelity during encoding significantly influences STM accuracy in crossmodal tasks.