Melatonin: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Plant Science.

Area of Science:

• Plant Science
• Biochemistry
• Agriculture

Background:

• Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a crucial molecule with diverse functions across organisms, including plants.
• In plants, melatonin influences processes like senescence and has potential roles in growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the presence, biosynthesis, and mechanisms of action of melatonin in plants.
• To explore the effects of melatonin application on crop growth and development.
• To identify novel roles of melatonin in enhancing crop quality, stress resistance, and nutritional value.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing research on melatonin in plants.
• Analysis of studies on exogenous melatonin application in crops.
• Identification of potential applications based on current scientific understanding.

Main Results:

• Melatonin is present in various plant species and plays a role in their physiology.
• Exogenous melatonin application can improve the growth, development, and stress tolerance of important crops.
• Melatonin may enhance fruit and vegetable storage life, aid in grafting, and improve nutrient uptake.

Conclusions:

• Melatonin is a promising phytohormone for agricultural applications, offering benefits for crop yield and quality.
• Developing melatonin-rich crops through breeding can enhance plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses.
• Harnessing melatonin's potential can contribute to food security by improving crop production and nutraceutical value.