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    This study introduces factor analysis methods to evaluate and manage socially desirable responding in personality tests. These techniques help ensure personality assessments accurately reflect true traits, not just desired ones.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychological Measurement
    • Quantitative Psychology
    • Personality Assessment

    Background:

    • Socially desirable responding (SDR) can inflate personality scores, compromising validity.
    • Existing methods for controlling SDR in personality item analysis are limited.
    • Accurate personality assessment requires addressing response biases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and describe novel factor-analytic procedures for assessing and controlling SDR.
    • To extend these procedures for evaluating the validity of personality measures against external criteria.
    • To demonstrate the application and implications of these methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of restricted (confirmatory) item factor analysis for ordered-categorical data.
    • Development of orthogonal and oblique solutions using marker variables.
    • Extension of models to assess validity relations with non-test variables.

    Main Results:

    • Factor-analytic procedures effectively assess and control for socially desirable responding.
    • The proposed methods allow for the examination of validity coefficients.
    • Empirical applications demonstrate the practical utility of the techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • The factor-analytic approach provides a robust framework for managing SDR in personality item analysis.
    • These methods enhance the validity and interpretability of personality assessment data.
    • The findings have significant implications for improving the quality of personality research and practice.