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    Area of Science:

    • Psychometrics
    • Statistics
    • Social Sciences

    Background:

    • Multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models are crucial for analyzing complex response patterns in psychological and social science research.
    • Existing models may lack invariance or closed-form solutions, posing challenges for data analysis and interpretation.
    • A proximity response mechanism offers a theoretically grounded alternative for modeling item endorsement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel multidimensional IRT model for binary data based on a proximity response mechanism.
    • To derive closed-form expressions for cell probabilities within the proposed model.
    • To evaluate the model's performance and goodness of fit using univariate and bivariate moments, and compare it with the multidimensional normal ogive model.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a multidimensional IRT model incorporating a proximity response mechanism.
    • Derivation of closed-form expressions for item response probabilities.
    • Estimation and goodness-of-fit testing using univariate and bivariate moments.
    • Comparative analysis against the multidimensional normal ogive model (estimated via NOHARM) across four empirical datasets.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed proximity-based IRT model yields closed-form expressions for cell probabilities.
    • The model demonstrates robust estimation and goodness-of-fit using moment-based information.
    • Comparative analyses reveal potential limitations of the normal ogive model, particularly its lack of invariance to simple data transformations like reverse scoring.

    Conclusions:

    • The proximity response mechanism provides a viable and theoretically sound foundation for multidimensional IRT models with binary data.
    • The derived model offers advantages in terms of analytical tractability and invariance properties compared to the normal ogive model.
    • The model's applicability is demonstrated across diverse domains including attitudes, life satisfaction, morality, and political efficacy, highlighting its potential for broader use in social science research.