[Biomechanisms of the progression of malignant neoplasms]

This theoretical review is presented in the form of a lecture and starts with the definitions of basic notions in the tissue biology and histology: differentiation, competence, integrity, cloe, differon, differon heterogeneity, tissue. The mechanisms of the tumour progression on the non-invasive, invasive and metastatic stage are considered. Seven main types of the target cell genome restruction in the process of the malignant transformation and 4 variants of changes in regulation of the protooncogene activity in the transformed cells are distinguished. A particular reference is made to the two aspects of progression 1) the rate of increase and variant (limits) of the tumour cells variability, 2) the selection productivity in the tumour population. The main emphasis is made on the process of disintegration, competence change. The variants of the tumour tissue composition are considered. The theory of four-step invasion and "cascade" theory of metastasizing as well as the concept of the adaptive tumour cell selection and the variants of the compensatory changes at different stages of the progression are characterized in detail.