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Severe asthma features in children: a case-control online survey
Silvia Montella1, Eugenio Baraldi2, Salvatore Cazzato3
1Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. amina2004@virgilio.it.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|January 23, 2016
Summary
Severe asthma in children is linked to food allergen sensitization and more hospitalizations. This study highlights key differences in Italian pediatric severe asthma cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Limited European research on severe childhood asthma, especially in Southern Europe.
- This study aimed to characterize severe pediatric asthma in Italy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detail the characteristics of children with severe asthma in Italian specialized centers.
- To compare severe asthma cases with non-severe persistent asthma in children.
Main Methods:
- Web-based data collection from 41 severe asthma patients and 78 non-severe persistent asthma controls (aged 6-17).
- Utilized European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guidelines for severe asthma definition.
- Logistic regression analysis to identify distinguishing features.
Main Results:
- Severe asthma associated with food allergen sensitization (OR 4.73), hospitalizations (OR 3.71), ED visits (OR 11.98), and exercise-induced symptoms (OR 12.78).
- Worse quality-of-life scores (5.9 vs 6.6) and lower spirometric z-scores in severe asthma patients.
- No significant differences in parental education, home environment, comorbidities, adherence, exhaled nitric oxide, or serum eosinophils/IgE.
Conclusions:
- Children with severe asthma exhibit a more severe clinical course and poorer lung function.
- Increased food allergen sensitization observed, contrary to some previous reports.
- Psychological well-being is impacted in a significant number of severe asthma cases, warranting further study.
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