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Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.

J S Wolfson1, D C Hooper

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|October 1, 1989
PubMed
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Fluoroquinolones are potent oral antibiotics targeting bacterial DNA gyrase. They are effective against many infections, well-tolerated, and offer a cost-effective alternative to IV treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Fluoroquinolones represent a significant advancement in antimicrobial therapy.
  • Their oral absorption and broad spectrum of activity make them valuable agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
  • To detail their structure, mechanism of action, resistance, spectrum, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and tolerability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fluoroquinolones.
  • Analysis of in vitro activity, pharmacokinetic data, and clinical trial results.
  • Examination of resistance mechanisms and patient tolerability.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fluoroquinolones target bacterial DNA gyrase, exhibiting bactericidal activity.
  • Effective against Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococci.
  • Achieve high concentrations in urine and tissues, demonstrating efficacy in various infections.
  • Generally well-tolerated, with common side effects being gastrointestinal or CNS related.

Conclusions:

  • Fluoroquinolones are efficacious, well-tolerated, and cost-effective for treating numerous bacterial infections.
  • They offer a valuable alternative to parenteral therapies for selected conditions.
  • Emergence of resistance, though uncommon, requires monitoring, particularly with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.