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Adaptive responses to antibody based therapy.

Tamara S Rodems1, Mari Iida1, Toni M Brand1

  • 1Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 3136, Madison, WI 53705, USA.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|January 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key in cancer, but therapies face resistance. This review explores RTK biology and adaptive resistance mechanisms to antibody treatments like those targeting EGFR and HER2.

Keywords:
AntibodiesEGFRHER2METReceptor tyrosine kinasesTherapeutic resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane proteins crucial for cell signaling.
  • Dysregulation of RTKs is implicated in cancer development and progression.
  • Antibody-based therapies targeting RTKs, such as EGFR and HER2, are established cancer treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the RTK family and the biology of EGFR and HER2.
  • To review adaptive cellular responses leading to resistance against antibody-based therapies.
  • To offer insights into overcoming therapeutic resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of RTK biology and cancer signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibody therapies.
  • Examination of adaptive cellular responses in human models.

Main Results:

  • RTKs regulate fundamental cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and migration.
  • Resistance to antibody therapies targeting EGFR and HER2 is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Specific adaptive responses contribute to treatment failure.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding RTK signaling and resistance mechanisms is vital for improving cancer therapy.
  • Further research into adaptive responses will facilitate the development of strategies to circumvent resistance.
  • Targeting RTKs remains a critical area in oncology drug development.