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Cognitive Function in Older Suicide Attempters and a Population-Based Comparison Group.

Petter Olsson1, Stefan Wiktorsson2, Simona Sacuiu1

  • 1Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institution of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
|January 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Older adults who attempted suicide showed cognitive deficits, particularly in abstract thinking, compared to peers. These deficits persisted one year later, even after depression symptoms improved, suggesting a link to the suicide attempt itself.

Keywords:
MMSEagingcognitiondepressionsuicide attempt

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Older adults are a vulnerable population for suicide attempts.
  • Cognitive function is crucial for daily living and recovery in older individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cognitive function in elderly suicide attempters with a population-based control group.
  • To investigate the persistence of cognitive deficits one year after a suicide attempt.

Main Methods:

  • Cognitive assessments were performed on hospitalized suicide attempters (aged 70+) at baseline and 1-year follow-up.
  • Depression symptoms were measured using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).
  • Attempters' cognitive performance was compared to non-attempter controls matched for MADRS scores.

Main Results:

  • Suicide attempters exhibited lower scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) compared to controls.
  • Poorer performance in pentagon drawing and abstract thinking was observed in attempters, persisting after excluding medically serious attempts.
  • While depression symptoms improved at follow-up, cognitive deficits showed no significant improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Older suicide attempters may experience persistent cognitive deficits, potentially linked to the suicide attempt.
  • These findings highlight the need to consider cognitive impairments when developing interventions for elderly suicide attempters.