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Personalized medicine in gastric cancer: Where are we and where are we going?

Alexandre A Jácome1, Anelisa K Coutinho1, Enaldo M Lima1

  • 1Alexandre A Jácome, Enaldo M Lima, Aline C Andrade, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Mater Dei, Belo Horizonte 30190-131, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|January 27, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Gastric cancer remains challenging due to high recurrence. Recent advances focus on targeted therapies, including trastuzumab for HER2-positive cases, and personalized treatments based on molecular subtypes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastric cancer has high recurrence rates and poor prognosis despite adjuvant therapies.
  • Trastuzumab, a HER2-targeting monoclonal antibody, has improved outcomes for recurrent/metastatic disease.
  • The Cancer Genome Atlas identified four distinct molecular subtypes, revealing disease heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genomic landscape of gastric cancer.
  • To discuss therapeutic insights from recent genomic findings.
  • To examine ongoing and completed clinical trials for tailored gastric cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on gastric cancer genomics.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for targeted therapies.
  • Discussion of molecular subtypes and their therapeutic implications.

Main Results:

  • Gastric cancer exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity with identified molecular subtypes.
  • Targetable genetic abnormalities beyond HER2 have been discovered.
  • Personalized, genome-guided therapy is emerging as a promising approach.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding gastric cancer's genomic landscape is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Targeted therapies and personalized medicine offer new hope for patients.
  • Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating tailored treatment strategies based on molecular profiles.
Keywords:
Biological markersIndividualized medicineMolecular targeted therapyStomach neoplasmsTranscriptome

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