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Related Concept Videos

COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
10.0K
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

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Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

3.3K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
3.3K
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

19.3K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Author Spotlight: The Production of Recombinant Proteins
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Author Spotlight: The Production of Recombinant Proteins

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COP-coated vesicles.

Natalia Gomez-Navarro1, Elizabeth A Miller1

  • 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|January 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular proteins travel via vesicles through the secretory pathway to reach their destinations. This process ensures proteins function correctly inside or outside the cell.

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Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification
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Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Approximately 33% of cellular proteins function extracellularly or in cell membranes.
  • Accurate protein localization is vital for cellular physiology.
  • The secretory pathway, a network of organelles, facilitates protein transport in eukaryotes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the mechanism of protein transport within the eukaryotic secretory pathway.
  • To highlight the role of vesicle-mediated trafficking in protein localization.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews the process of protein trafficking via vesicles.
  • It details cargo recruitment, vesicle formation, and transport dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Vesicle-mediated trafficking is crucial for directing proteins to their specific cellular locations.
  • Proteins are sorted and packaged into vesicles at specific cellular compartments.
  • Vesicles utilize diffusion or cytoskeletal tracks for transport and fuse with target membranes for cargo delivery.

Conclusions:

  • The secretory pathway and vesicle transport are essential for the proper localization and function of a significant portion of cellular proteins.
  • Efficient protein transport ensures cellular homeostasis and function.