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Calcium metabolism.

C Y Pak1

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas 75235.

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D (1,25-D) regulates calcium absorption, but adaptations can fail in diseases. Understanding these disorders is key to managing conditions like hypercalciuria and osteoporosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulate calcium (Ca) and phosphate absorption in healthy individuals.
  • These regulatory mechanisms adapt to dietary intake and renal excretion, but can be impaired in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review disorders of calcium and phosphate absorption related to vitamin D metabolism.
  • To discuss conditions of impaired adaptation, including over- and underadaptation.
  • To explore the link between calcium absorption, hypercalciuria, and nephrolithiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on calcium and vitamin D metabolism.
  • Analysis of disease states affecting intestinal absorption.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of factors contributing to calcium nephrolithiasis.

    • Main Results:

    • Disorders of overadaptation (e.g., absorptive hypercalciuria, sarcoidosis) involve excessive 1,25-D production.
    • Underadaptation disorders (e.g., osteoporosis, osteomalacia) stem from low 1,25-D synthesis or resistance.
    • Primary hyperparathyroidism involves dysregulation of both 1,25-D and PTH.

    Conclusions:

    • Impaired calcium and phosphate absorption adaptations are implicated in various metabolic bone diseases and hypercalciuria.
    • Therapeutic strategies include dietary modifications and administration of exogenous 1,25-D.
    • Factors like hypocitraturia and diet contribute to calcium nephrolithiasis, with potential for risk reduction.