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An Examination Of The Validity Of Two Models Of Attitude.

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    This study validates attitude measures for blood donation, finding past behavior and time elapsed are key predictors of donation intention. Both expectancy-value and semantic differential measures showed predictive validity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Behavioral Science
    • Health Psychology

    Background:

    • Assessing the reliability and validity of attitude measures is crucial for understanding health behaviors.
    • Previous research has utilized expectancy-value and semantic differential scales to measure attitudes toward blood donation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the reliability and validity of expectancy-value and semantic differential measures of attitude toward blood donation.
    • To investigate factors influencing behavioral intentions related to blood donation.

    Main Methods:

    • Structural equation modeling was employed to assess measure validity.
    • A quasi-experimental design was used with 284 participants (students, faculty, staff).
    • Internal consistency, convergent, concurrent, discriminant, predictive, and nomological validities were tested.

    Main Results:

    • Semantic differential measures yielded unidimensional attitudes, while expectancy-value measures produced multidimensional attitudes.
    • Both attitude measures demonstrated convergent, concurrent, discriminant, and predictive validity.
    • Nomological validity of attitude was questioned; past behavior and time since behavior were strong predictors of intention.

    Conclusions:

    • While both attitude measures are valid predictors, past behavior and time elapsed are more influential on blood donation intentions.
    • Personal and social normative beliefs also act as copredictors of intentions.
    • Findings are interpreted through attitude, learning, and attribution theories.