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Clinical review: Volkmann's ischaemic contracture
D A Pettitt1,2, P McArthur3
1University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK. d.pettitt@liv.ac.uk.
Summary
Early recognition and prompt fasciotomy are crucial for preventing Volkmann
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Traumatology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Volkmann's ischaemic contracture is a severe condition impacting limb function.
- It results from acute compartment syndrome, leading to motor and sensory deficits.
- This review covers the presentation, progression, and management of these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated clinical review of acute compartment syndrome and Volkmann's ischaemic contracture.
- To aid healthcare professionals in early recognition and prevention.
- To inform both specialist and non-specialist medical personnel.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases.
- Utilized MeSH terms: 'Volkmann's ischaemic contracture' and 'compartment syndrome'.
- Reviewed current clinical guidelines.
Main Results:
- No Cochrane reviews specifically address Volkmann's ischaemic contracture.
- The review synthesizes information on presentation, evolution, and management.
- Highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention.
Conclusions:
- Prevention of Volkmann's ischaemic contracture is paramount.
- Requires vigilant observation in high-risk extremity injuries, especially in children with supracondylar humerus fractures.
- Immediate decompression (fasciotomy) is indicated upon signs of compartment syndrome.
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