Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

1.2K
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
1.2K
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

1.1K
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
1.1K
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

1.1K
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
1.1K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

1.4K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
1.4K
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

1.0K
Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
1.0K
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

21
The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...
21

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) Diagnosis: Current Limitations and a Pragmatic Clinical Diagnostic Definition.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2025
Same author

Subclinical Infection of the Silicone Breast Implant Surface as a Possible Cause of Capsular Contracture.

Aesthetic plastic surgery·2020
Same author

Role of urinary cations in the etiology of interstitial cystitis: A multisite study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2020
Same author

Chronic scrotal pain: A variable symptom of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

Urology annals·2019
Same author

Editorial Comment.

The Journal of urology·2017
Same author

Increased toxic urinary cations in males with interstitial cystitis: a possible cause of bladder symptoms.

World journal of urology·2016
Same journal

Comprehensive bioinformatics and experimental analysis of PPOX reveals its carcinogenic effect in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
Same journal

Advancing urological practice: the value of combined antegrade and retrograde ureterography for the management of complex ureteral strictures.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
Same journal

N-acetylcysteine alleviates experimental autoimmune prostatitis in rats by activating PI3K/Akt/CREB and Keap1/Nrf2 pathways.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
Same journal

Analysis of real-world re-induction outcomes with nadofaragene firadenovec in patients with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
Same journal

Pulsed Thulium:YAG laser enucleation versus open simple prostatectomy for large-gland benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective comparative observational study.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
Same journal

An intelligent wearable device based on electrical impedance tomography for dynamic and accurate monitoring of voiding function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: protocol for a single-centre self-controlled diagnostic consistency study.

Translational andrology and urology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
08:40

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

21.2K

How does interstitial cystitis begin?

C Lowell Parsons1

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Medical Center, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|January 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interstitial cystitis (IC) often begins with intermittent frequency before age 30. Early misdiagnosis as urinary tract infections (UTIs) is common, delaying proper treatment for this bladder condition.

Keywords:
Interstitial cystitis (IC)dyspareuniainterstitial cystitis geneticsinterstitial cystitis misdiagnosespelvic pain

More Related Videos

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

17.5K
Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation
09:49

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Published on: August 13, 2015

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
08:40

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

21.2K
Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

17.5K
Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation
09:49

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Published on: August 13, 2015

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Interstitial cystitis (IC) often presents with mild, intermittent symptoms and is frequently misdiagnosed initially.
  • Understanding the developmental trajectory of IC is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the onset, initial symptoms, and diagnostic journey of patients with interstitial cystitis (IC).
  • To identify patterns in symptom progression, misdiagnoses, and potential genetic links in IC development.

Main Methods:

  • Surveyed 100 female IC patients regarding symptom onset, evolution, and initial diagnoses.
  • Collected data on symptom triggers (menstrual cycle, sexual activity), family history, and misdiagnoses.

Main Results:

  • 81% of patients experienced bladder symptoms by age 30, with frequency as the initial symptom in 81%.
  • Common misdiagnoses included UTI (74%) and yeast vaginitis (42%).
  • Symptom flares correlated with sexual activity (82%) and pre-menstrually (75%); urge incontinence affected 33%.

Conclusions:

  • IC typically starts with intermittent frequency, with pain and urge incontinence developing later.
  • Early misdiagnosis, often as UTI, is prevalent, delaying definitive IC diagnosis until age 40.
  • Genetic factors appear significant, underscoring the need for early consideration of IC in women with suggestive symptoms.