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Prevalence of probiotic use among inpatients: A descriptive study of 145 U.S. hospitals

Sarah H Yi1, John A Jernigan1, L Clifford McDonald1

  • 1Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

American Journal of Infection Control
|January 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Inpatient probiotic use in U.S. hospitals is growing, with 2.6% of hospitalizations using probiotics in 2012. This use was associated with higher rates of antimicrobial use and Clostridium difficile infection.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare research
  • Clinical pharmacy
  • Infectious disease epidemiology

Background:

  • Understanding probiotic use in U.S. healthcare is crucial for clinical guidance and public health.
  • Current data on inpatient probiotic administration is limited.
  • This study addresses the need for better understanding of probiotic utilization in hospital settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of inpatient probiotic use in a sample of U.S. hospitals.
  • To analyze trends in probiotic use from 2006 to 2012.
  • To identify patient characteristics associated with probiotic administration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the MarketScan Hospital Drug Database to estimate probiotic use among patients discharged in 2012.
  • Analyzed annual trends in probiotic use (2006-2012) in a subset of U.S. hospitals.
  • Examined associations between probiotic use, antimicrobial administration, and Clostridium difficile infection diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • In 2012, probiotics were used in 2.6% of 1,976,167 hospitalizations across 145 hospitals.
  • Patients receiving probiotics were significantly more likely to receive antimicrobials (9x) and have a Clostridium difficile infection diagnosis (21x).
  • Overall inpatient probiotic use increased from 1.0% in 2006 to 2.9% in 2012.

Conclusions:

  • A significant and increasing number of U.S. inpatients received probiotics, often alongside antimicrobials.
  • Evidence supporting the routine use of probiotics in hospitalized patients remains inadequate.
  • Further research is necessary to establish appropriate clinical guidelines for inpatient probiotic use.
Abstract

Keywords:
BifidobacteriumDietary supplementLactobacillusProbioticSaccharomyceshospitalmicrobialprevalence

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