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Psychological Interventions for Poor Oral Health: A Systematic Review.

H Werner1, M Hakeberg2, L Dahlström2

  • 1Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden helene.werner@gu.se.

Journal of Dental Research
|January 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychological interventions show limited effectiveness for improving oral health outcomes like gingivitis and plaque in adults. While some improvements in oral health behaviors were noted, the evidence quality is low, necessitating further research.

Keywords:
adolescentsadultsbehavior therapycognitive behavior therapymeta-analysisoral disease

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Poor oral health affects adults and adolescents.
  • Psychological interventions are being explored as a complementary approach.
  • Existing research has yielded mixed results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of psychological interventions for poor oral health in adults and adolescents.
  • To compare psychological interventions against traditional oral health education.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
  • PICO framework used for study selection (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome).
  • Included 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on adults with periodontal disease.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences in gingivitis or plaque presence between psychological interventions and traditional education.
  • A small, statistically significant difference favoring psychological interventions for plaque index was found in one meta-analysis.
  • Improvements in oral health behavior and toothbrushing self-efficacy were observed with psychological interventions, but clinical relevance is uncertain.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological interventions demonstrate limited statistically significant benefits for objective oral health measures like gingivitis and plaque.
  • Evidence suggests potential improvements in behavioral aspects of oral health, though with low certainty.
  • Future research should broaden the scope to include adolescents and other oral health conditions (caries, peri-implantitis) and address methodological limitations.