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Tuberculosis and Cardiovascular Disease: Linking the Epidemics

Moises A Huaman1, David Henson1, Eduardo Ticona2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.

Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
|February 3, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis (TB) infection may contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Chronic inflammation from latent TB infection and immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis suggest a link, warranting further research.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates are rising globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Overlapping epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) and CVD pose significant public health challenges.
  • Immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis share pathways with atherogenesis, suggesting a TB role in CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential pathogenic role of tuberculosis in the development of cardiovascular disease.
  • To explore shared immunological mechanisms between TB infection and atherogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on immune responses in TB and their link to atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on CVD risk in individuals with a history of TB.
  • Examination of the role of latent TB infection (LTBI) in chronic inflammation and CVD.

Main Results:

  • Immune cells and cytokines involved in TB immunity also drive atherogenesis.
  • Antibody responses to mycobacterial heat shock protein-65 may cross-react with self-antigens, promoting atherosclerosis.
  • Latent TB infection is associated with persistent inflammation, potentially leading to CVD.
  • Individuals with TB have a higher risk of CVD, even years after recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the link between TB and CVD.
  • Understanding this connection could inform public health strategies for managing both diseases.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscardiovascular diseasescommunicable diseaseepidemicsinflammationtuberculosis

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