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Changes in total body water with age.

D A Schoeller1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|November 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Aging reduces total body water, primarily intracellular water, in older adults. However, the relationship between total body water and fat-free mass remains consistent with age.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Human Physiology
  • Body Composition Research

Background:

  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies investigate age-related changes in body composition.
  • Previous research indicates a decline in total body water with advanced age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze age-related alterations in total body water and its components.
  • To evaluate the association between total body water and fat-free mass across the lifespan.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing cross-sectional and longitudinal human and animal studies.
  • Analysis of body water content and fat-free mass measurements in aging populations.

Main Results:

  • Consistent evidence shows a reduction in total body water in elderly individuals.

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  • Cross-sectional data suggest a decrease in intracellular water, but longitudinal data do not support this.
  • The ratio of total body water to fat-free mass shows minimal change with aging.

    • Conclusions:

    • Total body water decreases with aging, predominantly affecting intracellular fluid.
    • The relationship between hydration status and lean body mass is preserved in older age.
    • Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the dynamics of intracellular water changes.