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Disentangling Random Motion and Flow in a Complex Medium.

Elena F Koslover1, Caleb K Chan1, Julie A Theriot2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new method to separate particle movement from fluid flow in living cells. This technique accurately measures diffusion and scaling exponents, revealing cell cytoplasm acts as a viscous fluid.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Characterizing intracellular particle transport is crucial for understanding cellular function.
  • Distinguishing random particle motion from directed fluid flow in dynamic cellular environments is challenging.
  • Existing methods often struggle to accurately quantify diffusion in the presence of flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel technique for deconvolving particle motion from fluid flow in dynamic cellular environments.
  • To enable robust extraction of diffusion coefficients and subdiffusive scaling exponents from single-particle trajectories.
  • To analyze lysosome motion in neutrophil-like cells and characterize the mechanical properties of the cytoplasm.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging timescale separation to subtract persistent motion from single-particle trajectories.
  • Rescaling mean-squared displacement for accurate diffusion and scaling exponent extraction.
  • Applying the technique to analyze lysosome motion in motile neutrophil-like cells.

Main Results:

  • The method successfully deconvolves stochastic motion from fluid flow.
  • Accurate extraction of diffusion coefficients and subdiffusive scaling exponents is achieved.
  • Analysis of lysosome motion indicates cell cytoplasm behaves as a viscous fluid at examined timescales.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique provides a robust way to study intracellular particle dynamics.
  • It enables precise characterization of diffusion and flow in complex cellular systems.
  • This work offers insights into the viscoelastic properties of the cell cytoplasm.