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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer
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Hypothesis: solid tumours behave as systemic metabolic dictators.

Yang-Ming Lee1,2, Wei-Chun Chang3, Wen-Lung Ma1,3

  • 1Sex Hormone Research Center, Graduate Institution of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|February 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer acts as a systemic dictator, controlling host metabolism and homeostasis. Understanding endocrine organ-like tumor (EOLT) development could reveal new cancer diagnostics and therapies.

Keywords:
cancer cachexiacancer macroenvironmentendocrine organ-like tumourparaneoplastic syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Current cancer models focus on genetic instability and cellular signaling.
  • Tumor-host interactions and systemic effects are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an alternative view of cancer biology.
  • To introduce the concept of endocrine organ-like tumors (EOLTs) as a driving force in cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review to support the EOLT hypothesis.
  • Defining the EOLT phenotype and its presence throughout cancer progression.

Main Results:

  • Cancer may function as a systemic dictator, regulating host metabolism and homeostasis.
  • The EOLT phenotype, defined by altered systemic homeostasis, is observed throughout cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • The development mechanism of EOLTs warrants investigation.
  • Understanding EOLT development may lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer.