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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

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Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
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Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy01:16

Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy

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Helicobacter pylori, a resilient gram-negative bacterium, can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment. Infection with H. pylori leads to a cascade of events within the stomach lining. One of the critical disruptions caused by this bacterium is the interference with somatostatin production, a hormone responsible for regulating acid secretion. This interference tips the balance, escalating acid secretion and diminishing bicarbonate levels. This imbalance compromises the defensive...
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Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic...
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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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Treating hepatitis C - what's new?

Alex J Thompson1, Jacinta A Holmes2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital; University of Melbourne, Melbourne.

Australian Prescriber
|February 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis C is curable with new direct-acting antiviral drugs. These interferon-free regimens offer highly effective, short-course treatment with minimal toxicity, preventing severe liver disease.

Keywords:
asunaprevirdaclatasvirhepatitis Cpeginterferonprotease inhibitorsribavirinsofosbuvir

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C infection is a leading cause of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Liver transplantation is frequently indicated for end-stage hepatitis C.
  • Hepatitis C is a curable infection, and its complications are preventable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in hepatitis C treatment.
  • To highlight the efficacy and safety of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens.
  • To emphasize the shift from older interferon-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical studies and drug development in hepatitis C treatment.
  • Analysis of direct-acting antiviral mechanisms and combination therapies.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, toxicity profiles, and duration of therapy.

Main Results:

  • Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) target multiple stages of the hepatitis C viral life cycle.
  • Combination DAA therapy in interferon-free regimens demonstrates high efficacy.
  • Short treatment courses with DAAs are associated with minimal toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis C is now a curable disease with highly effective and well-tolerated DAA treatments.
  • New DAA regimens offer a significant improvement over older peginterferon alfa treatments.
  • Preventing complications and improving patient outcomes is achievable with modern hepatitis C therapy.