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Emergency contraception: an overview.

Danielle Mazza1,2,3,4,5, Joanne Gross1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of General Practice, Monash University, Melbourne.

Australian Prescriber
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency contraception, including pills like levonorgestrel and ulipristal acetate, and the copper IUD, can prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. Timely use within 3-5 days is crucial for maximum effectiveness.

Keywords:
copper intrauterine deviceemergency contraceptionlevonorgestrelpregnancyulipristal acetate

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Emergency contraception (EC) is vital for preventing unintended pregnancies following contraceptive failure, non-use, or sexual assault.
  • Available EC methods in Australia include oral pills (levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate) and the copper intrauterine device (IUD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the available methods of emergency contraception in Australia.
  • To detail the accessibility and optimal timing for using each EC method.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available emergency contraception options in Australia.
  • Description of the pharmacological and mechanical EC methods.
  • Specification of the time-sensitive application windows for each method.

Main Results:

  • Oral EC (levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate) is available over-the-counter at pharmacies.
  • The copper IUD requires insertion by a qualified healthcare provider.
  • Levonorgestrel is most effective within 72 hours, ulipristal acetate within 120 hours, and the copper IUD within 120 hours of unprotected intercourse.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency contraception provides a critical option for pregnancy prevention in various scenarios.
  • Understanding the specific methods, accessibility, and timeframes is essential for effective utilization of emergency contraception in Australia.