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[SIGNIFICANCE OF NONCODING RNAS IN COLORECTAL CANCER: REVIEW]

Yuji Toiyama, Masato Kusunoki

    Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi
    |February 6, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) show promise as noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection, prognosis, and treatment response prediction. Their stability and detectability in various samples offer new avenues for early cancer diagnosis and management.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Oncology

    Context:

    • MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression involved in various biological processes.
    • Colorectal cancer (CRC) development is influenced by genetic and epigenetic alterations, including aberrant miRNA expression.
    • MiRNAs are stable molecules detectable in various biological samples, making them attractive biomarkers.

    Purpose:

    • To review the progress and potential of miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC).
    • To discuss the application of miRNAs in cancer detection, recurrence estimation, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response.
    • To highlight the challenges hindering the clinical implementation of miRNA biomarkers.

    Summary:

    • MiRNAs regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and their aberrant expression is linked to CRC initiation and progression.
    • Expression profiling of miRNAs from tissues, feces, and body fluids can aid in CRC detection and monitoring.
    • MiRNAs can predict response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and may be therapeutically manipulated.

    Impact:

    • MiRNA biomarkers could revolutionize early CRC detection, leading to improved patient outcomes.
    • Noninvasive miRNA detection may reduce the need for invasive diagnostic procedures.
    • Understanding miRNA roles in CRC can pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies.

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