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Perioperative Adverse Respiratory Events in Overweight/Obese Children: Systematic Review

Panagiotis Kiekkas, Nikolaos Stefanopoulos, Nick Bakalis

    Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing : Official Journal of the American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses
    |February 6, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Obese children face higher risks of breathing problems during surgery. This review found obesity is linked to hypoxemia and airway issues under general anesthesia.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Pediatrics
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Childhood obesity is a growing concern.
    • Obesity is linked to respiratory disorders.
    • General anesthesia may worsen respiratory issues in obese children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically review and synthesize literature on the association between childhood obesity and perioperative adverse respiratory events (PAREs).

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of observational studies published between 1990 and 2014.
    • Searches conducted in major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane).
    • Inclusion criteria focused on English-language articles reporting associations between childhood obesity and PAREs.

    Main Results:

    • Nine studies met the inclusion criteria.
    • All included studies reported significant associations between obesity and increased risk of PAREs in pediatric patients.
    • Key PAREs identified include hypoxemia, upper airway obstruction, and difficult mask ventilation.

    Conclusions:

    • Childhood obesity is significantly associated with an increased risk of perioperative adverse respiratory events.
    • Healthcare professionals should implement preventive strategies for obese children undergoing anesthesia.
    • Further multicenter research is recommended to confirm findings and explore underlying mechanisms.

    Keywords:
    childhoodobesityperioperative carerespiratory adverse eventssystematic review

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