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Th1/Th2 Cytokine Profile and Its Diagnostic Value in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia
Wei Li1, Yu-Jie Liu1, Xiao-le Zhao1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
Background:
The levels of Th1/Th2 cytokine can alter in pathogenic infection in children with pneumonia.
Objectives:
To evaluate Th1/Th2 cytokine profile and its diagnostic value in M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children.
Patients And Methods:
Children with M. pneumoniae mono-infection and 30 healthy children were tested with cytokines assay. We used real time PCR to detect M. pneumoniae in children with pneumonia.
Results:
M. pneumoniae test was positive in 2188 (16.62%) out of 13161 pneumonia children. Children aged 5 - 9 years had the highest rate and summer was a season with high rate of M. pneumoniae incidence in Zhejiang province. During the course of study, in 526 pneumonia children with M. pneumoniae mono-infection and 30 healthy children cytokines assay was performed. IL-2 level of M. pneumoniae pneumonia children was lower than that of healthy children (median levels, pg/mL: IL-2: 3.2 vs. 5.7, P = 0.00), while IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ were higher than in healthy children (median levels, pg/mL: IL-4: 3.2 vs. 1.5, P = 0.00; IL-10: 5.6 vs. 2.5, P = 0.001; IFN-γ: 20.4 vs. 4.8, P = 0.001).
Conclusions:
IL-2 decreases and IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ increase in children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia, which has a promising prospect in diagnosis of this disease in clinical practice.
Insights
Cytokine profiles in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia show decreased IL-2 and increased IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ. These changes offer diagnostic potential for M. pneumoniae infections in pediatric pneumonia.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Pneumonia in children can involve altered Th1/Th2 cytokine levels.
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen causing pneumonia in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the Th1/Th2 cytokine profile in children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
- To assess the diagnostic utility of cytokine patterns in identifying M. pneumoniae pneumonia.
Main Methods:
- Real-time PCR was employed to confirm M. pneumoniae infection in pediatric pneumonia cases.
- Cytokine assays were conducted on samples from children with M. pneumoniae mono-infection and healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in 16.62% of 13,161 pediatric pneumonia cases, with a peak incidence in children aged 5-9 years and during summer.
- Children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia exhibited significantly lower Interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels compared to healthy controls.
- Elevated levels of Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were observed in children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia.
Conclusions:
- The study identified a distinct cytokine profile in pediatric M. pneumoniae pneumonia, characterized by reduced IL-2 and increased IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ.
- This specific cytokine signature demonstrates promising potential as a diagnostic biomarker for M. pneumoniae pneumonia in clinical settings.
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