Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
06:05

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection

Published on: October 12, 2017

16.3K

Genetic Variations in Vesicoureteral Reflux Sequelae

David S Hains1, Andrew L Schwaderer2

  • 1Innate Immunity Translational Research Center, Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA. dhains@uthsc.edu.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 6, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Genetic factors contribute to urinary tract infection (UTI) susceptibility in children, often linked with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Innate immune gene variations are key, and new genetic strategies can identify UTI risk loci.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric nephrology
  • Genetics of infectious diseases
  • Immunogenetics

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent in pediatric populations.
  • Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) frequently co-occurs with childhood UTIs, suggesting shared underlying mechanisms.
  • Growing evidence points to a significant genetic predisposition in UTI susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the genetic underpinnings of UTI susceptibility in children.
  • To highlight the role of innate immune system genetic variations in UTI risk.
  • To outline strategies for identifying novel genetic loci associated with UTI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing family and cohort studies on UTI.
  • Analysis of genetic variations within the innate immune system.
  • Discussion of current genetic strategies and cohort implementation for discovery.

Main Results:

  • Family and cohort studies indicate a genetic component to UTI susceptibility.
  • Specific genetic variations in the innate immune system are associated with increased UTI risk.
  • Current genetic approaches can be applied to discover new UTI susceptibility genes.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors, particularly variations in innate immunity genes, play a crucial role in pediatric UTI susceptibility.
  • Implementing advanced genetic strategies and well-defined cohorts is essential for uncovering new genetic risk factors for UTI.
  • Further research into the genetics of UTI can inform preventative and therapeutic approaches for affected children.

Keywords:
copy number variationsgeneticsurinary tract infectionsvesicoureteral reflux

More Related Videos

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

12.2K
An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction06:37

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

973

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
648
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
2.5K
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
1.1K
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
832
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
3.5K
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
1.1K