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Perceived appetite and clinical outcomes in children with chronic kidney disease

Frank W Ayestaran1,2, Michael F Schneider3, Frederick J Kaskel4

  • 1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Drive, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. frankayestar@health.usf.edu.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|February 10, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience worsening appetite as kidney function declines. Poor appetite in pediatric CKD is linked to increased hospitalizations and reduced quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Chronic Kidney Disease Research

Background:

  • Decreased appetite is a potential factor in impaired caloric intake among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • While poor appetite is linked to adverse outcomes in adult CKD, this relationship is less understood in pediatric populations.
  • Limited data exists on the association between appetite and clinical outcomes in children with CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between self-reported appetite and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in children with CKD.
  • To assess the correlation between appetite levels and clinical outcomes, including anthropometric changes, hospitalizations, and quality of life in pediatric CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 879 participants in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study.
  • Annual assessment of self-reported appetite, categorized as very good, good, fair, or poor/very poor.
  • Evaluation of the association between appetite and eGFR, anthropometric z-scores, hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Children with eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m² had significantly higher odds of reporting worse appetite compared to those with eGFR >90 mL/min/1.73 m².
  • Patients not reporting a very good appetite experienced more hospitalizations in the subsequent year.
  • Worse appetite was significantly associated with lower quality of life scores reported by both patients and parents.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported appetite in children with CKD deteriorates with declining eGFR.
  • Appetite in pediatric CKD is correlated with significant clinical outcomes, including hospitalization rates and quality of life.
Abstract

Keywords:
ER visitsHospitalizationNutritionPediatricQuality of lifeRenal function

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