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Evidence of DMSO-Induced Protein Aggregation in Cells.

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Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) addition promotes protein aggregation in various cell types, including stem cells. This finding, observed at low water content, suggests a potential mechanism behind DMSO

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a widely used cryoprotectant, but its cellular penetration mechanisms and interactions remain poorly understood.
  • The precise effects of DMSO on cellular components, particularly proteins, during dehydration are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of DMSO on protein structure and aggregation within different cell types.
  • To elucidate the real-time chemical and structural changes in cells during dehydration in the presence of DMSO.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized infrared absorption spectroscopy for real-time detection of cellular changes.
  • Studied protein aggregation in response to DMSO during dehydration in various cell models.

Main Results:

  • DMSO was observed to induce protein aggregation in cultured lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and human hematopoietic stem cells.
  • This protein aggregation effect was prominent at low water content, similar to observations in protein solutions.
  • The tendency for DMSO to promote aggregation was not specific to protein type.

Conclusions:

  • DMSO can favor protein aggregation in various cell types, suggesting a potential source of its toxicity.
  • Infrared absorption spectroscopy is a viable method for monitoring real-time cellular changes induced by cryoprotectants like DMSO.