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Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
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A novel ultrasonic NDE for shrink fit welded structures using interface waves.

Jaesun Lee1, Junpil Park2, Younho Cho1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, South Korea.

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Summary

This study introduces pseudo interface waves for inspecting nuclear reactor nozzles, enabling defect detection in complex shrink fit welded structures from outside the reactor. The method successfully identified weld delamination and other defects, enhancing nuclear power plant safety.

Keywords:
Nuclear power plant nozzlePressure vessel inspectionPseudo interface waveShrink fit welded structureUltrasonic nondestructive evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Reactor vessel inspection is vital for nuclear power plant safety.
  • Inspecting shrink fit welded structures in reactor nozzles is challenging due to complex geometry.
  • External inspection methods are needed to avoid reactor downtime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for inspecting shrink fit welded reactor nozzles.
  • To assess the effectiveness of pseudo interface waves for defect detection in complex geometries.
  • To enable remote monitoring of welding quality in nuclear reactor components.

Main Methods:

  • Manufacturing layered concentric pipes with stainless steel 316 under perfect shrink fit conditions.
  • Calculating displacement distributions for shrink fit welded structures using boundary conditions.
  • Employing a multi-transducer guided wave phased array system for remote monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Pseudo interface waves effectively overcome geometric complexities in nozzle inspection.
  • The guided wave phased array system successfully monitored welding quality from a distance.
  • Experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of detecting weld delamination and defects.

Conclusions:

  • Pseudo interface waves offer a viable solution for inspecting challenging nuclear reactor nozzle geometries.
  • The developed method allows for external, remote inspection of critical components.
  • This technique enhances the capability for detecting flaws in shrink fit welded structures, improving safety assurance.