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Sulfate-reducing bacteria impairs working memory in mice.

Nathaniel L Ritz1, Benjamin J Burnett2, Prashanth Setty2

  • 1Section of Gastroenterology, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|February 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resident gut bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), impaired mouse learning and memory. This cognitive decline correlated with increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels in the gut, suggesting SRB negatively impact brain function.

Keywords:
Hydrogen sulfideLearningMemoryMicrobiomeSulfate-reducing bacteria

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gut Microbiome Research

Background:

  • The gut microbiome-central nervous system axis describes bidirectional communication between gut microbes and the brain.
  • Pathogenic gut bacteria are known to alter host behavior, but the effects of non-pathogenic resident microbes remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), a type of resident gut microbe producing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), impair cognitive functions in mice.
  • To test the hypothesis that SRB administration negatively affects learning and memory.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were gavaged with live SRB, saline (control), lactulose+mannitol (L/M), or killed SRB.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using an 8-arm radial maze and the Morris water maze.
  • H2S concentrations in the small intestine and cecum were measured.

Main Results:

  • Mice gavaged with live SRB showed impaired performance in the 8-arm radial maze, spending more time in the center compared to control groups.
  • In the Morris water maze, SRB-gavaged mice exhibited longer completion times, increased distance from the platform, and longer path lengths.
  • Elevated H2S levels were observed in the small intestine and cecum of SRB-gavaged mice.

Conclusions:

  • Administration of live sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can impair cognitive functions, specifically learning and memory, in mice.
  • The observed cognitive deficits are associated with increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production within the gut.
  • These findings highlight a potential role for specific resident gut bacteria in modulating host cognitive health.