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Dissociating proactive and reactive control in the Stroop task.

Corentin Gonthier1, Todd S Braver2, Julie M Bugg2

  • 1Université Savoie Mont Blanc, LPNC UMR CNRS 5105, Chambéry, France. corentin.gonthier@gmail.com.

Memory & Cognition
|February 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that proactive and reactive control mechanisms, assessed using the Stroop task, are independent. The findings support the Dual Mechanisms of Control theory by demonstrating dissociable effects of these control processes.

Keywords:
Cognitive controlDual Mechanisms of Control (DMC)Item-specific proportion congruencyList-wide proportion congruencyStroop interference

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) framework proposes separate proactive and reactive control mechanisms.
  • Studying the independence of these mechanisms has been challenging with traditional experimental designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the Stroop task can differentiate between proactive and reactive control.
  • To test the independence of list-wide and item-specific proportion congruency effects as indicators of these control mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Stroop task with two participant samples.
  • Analyzed list-wide and item-specific proportion congruency effects.
  • Identified congruency cost and transfer cost as behavioral signatures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated stability and co-occurrence of list-wide and item-specific effects within participants and across conditions.
  • Showed that congruency cost and transfer cost doubly dissociate these effects.
  • Results indicate that proactive and reactive control can be behaviorally distinguished.

Conclusions:

  • The Stroop task effectively dissociates proactive and reactive control mechanisms.
  • Findings provide strong support for the independence of proactive and reactive control as proposed by the DMC framework.