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RICKETS IN RURAL KENYAN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: CASE REPORT.

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Rickets, a bone disease, was newly identified in Kenyan children. Nutritional deficiencies, including low calcium and vitamin D, were linked to its development and successfully treated.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Public Health
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Rickets diagnosis is uncommon in Embu district, Kenya.
  • A nutrition intervention study in preschool children provided an opportunity for assessment.
  • This study aimed to identify and characterize rickets cases in the region.

Observation:

  • 28 cases of rickets were identified in 324 preschool children (8.6% prevalence).
  • Clinical signs included developmental delays (sitting, walking, teething), bone deformities, and widened wrists/ankles.
  • Bowed lower extremities were also a common clinical manifestation.

Findings:

  • Key risk factors identified were short breastfeeding duration, cereal supplements without milk, low calcium intake, and limited sun exposure.
  • Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies were implicated as primary contributors to rickets.
  • Treatment with Vitamin D3 and milk led to significant clinical improvement in affected children.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of addressing nutritional deficiencies in preschool children in Kenya.
  • Suggests a need for targeted public health interventions to prevent and treat rickets.
  • Underscores the role of breastfeeding, adequate calcium and Vitamin D intake, and sunlight exposure in bone health.