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Emotional responses to interpersonal rejection.

Mark R Leary1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
|February 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human emotions like hurt, jealousy, and shame often stem from perceived rejection. Understanding these rejection-related emotions is key to comprehending social behavior and psychological well-being.

Keywords:
angeremotionguilthurt feelingsinterpersonal rejectionjealousylonelinessshamesocial anxiety

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Human emotions are significantly influenced by social acceptance and rejection.
  • Evolutionary pressures favored biopsychological mechanisms for detecting and responding to threats to belonging.
  • Interpersonal rejection can trigger a range of negative emotional states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine seven specific emotions linked to perceived low relational value or rejection.
  • To explore the evolutionary functions of rejection-related emotions.
  • To review neuroscience and psychological research on the effects of interpersonal rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evolutionary psychology principles.
  • Examination of neuroscience findings on brain regions involved in rejection.
  • Synthesis of behavioral research from social, developmental, and clinical psychology.

Main Results:

  • Seven emotions (hurt feelings, jealousy, loneliness, shame, guilt, social anxiety, embarrassment) are frequently associated with perceived rejection.
  • These emotions serve evolutionary functions related to maintaining social bonds.
  • Rejection activates specific neural pathways and has significant psychological and behavioral correlates.

Conclusions:

  • Rejection-related emotions are crucial for navigating social relationships and ensuring survival.
  • Understanding these emotions provides insight into social behavior and mental health.
  • Further research integrating neuroscience and psychology can illuminate the complexities of interpersonal rejection.