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Acromegaly.

R Dineen1, P M Stewart2, M Sherlock1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Adelaide and Meath Hospitals Incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Tallaght Dublin and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.

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|February 14, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acromegaly, a rare disease of excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), is often diagnosed late. Early detection and multidisciplinary treatment are key to reducing complications and improving outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Acromegaly is a rare, chronic condition caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).
  • Often resulting from pituitary adenomas, diagnosis is frequently delayed due to insidious symptoms, leading to significant complications, morbidity, and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of acromegaly pathophysiology.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches and current/future treatment modalities for acromegaly.
  • To highlight advances in managing this rare endocrine disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of acromegaly.
  • Analysis of current evidence-based guidelines from The Endocrine Society.
  • Discussion of surgical, medical, and radiotherapeutic options.

Main Results:

  • Serum IGF-1 measurement is the recommended initial screening test.
  • Oral glucose tolerance test with GH measurement is the gold standard diagnostic test.
  • Therapeutic goals include reducing GH and IGF-1 levels, alleviating symptoms, and addressing adenoma effects.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary approach, often involving combined therapies, is recommended for effective acromegaly management.
  • Disease control can significantly reduce associated morbidity and mortality.
  • Future pharmacological therapies hold promise for improved patient outcomes.