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A 3-year follow-up study on cardiovascular disease and mortality in older people with intellectual disabilities

C F de Winter1, A P J van den Berge2, J D Schoufour2

  • 1Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of General Practice, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Reinaerde, Den Dolder, The Netherlands.

Research in Developmental Disabilities
|February 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) face significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Proactive management of risk factors like obesity and kidney disease is crucial for reducing CVD incidence and mortality in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology
  • Intellectual Disabilities Research

Background:

  • Older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) have increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.
  • Prospective studies on CVD incidence and mortality in this demographic are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and presentation of myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure in older adults with ID.
  • To identify cardiovascular disease risk factors predicting these events and all-cause mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year follow-up study of 790 participants (aged 50+) from the Dutch Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disability (HA-ID) cohort.
  • Analysis of medical files for cardiovascular events and mortality, assessing predictive value of baseline risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular disease occurred in 5.9% of participants over 3 years, with a 32% mortality rate from these conditions.
  • Incidence rates per 1000 person-years: MI 2.8, stroke 3.2, heart failure 12.5; likely underestimated due to atypical presentations.
  • Predictors for CVD events included atypical antipsychotic use, prior heart failure, abdominal obesity, and chronic kidney disease. Low BMI, peripheral arterial disease, CKD, and inflammation predicted all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular disease incidence in older adults with ID is comparable to the general population.
  • Proactive assessment and treatment of identified cardiovascular risk factors can mitigate CVD and mortality in this group.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseEpidemiologyHeart failureIntellectual disabilityMyocardial infarctionRisk factorsStroke

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