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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
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Patterns in target-directed breast cancer research.

Sofia Torres1, Christine Simmons2, Jean-François Boileau3

  • 1Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Room T2 023, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada.

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|February 16, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed 280 breast cancer (BC) targeted therapy trials. Findings reveal a need for more target-matched agents, especially for triple-negative/BRCA-positive and hormone receptor-positive BC.

Keywords:
BiomarkersBreast cancerClinical trialsPatient profilingRandomized trialsTarget-directed research

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ongoing clinical trials are crucial for advancing breast cancer (BC) treatment.
  • Targeted therapies represent a significant area of BC research.
  • Understanding current research patterns can optimize future clinical initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze ongoing BC targeted therapy trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov.
  • To identify patterns, gaps, and optimization strategies in current BC research.
  • To describe the landscape of targeted therapy development in BC.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of clinicaltrials.gov was conducted on September 4, 2013.
  • Analysis included randomized phase II and III trials of targeted therapies in BC.
  • A total of 280 trials were included in the study.

Main Results:

  • The majority of trials focused on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive (28.2%) or hormone receptor (HR)-positive (37.1%) BC.
  • Less than half (45%) of trials used patient populations matched to the investigated agent.
  • HER2-directed therapy was the most common (26.1%), followed by anti-angiogenic agents (17.5%).
  • New agents in HR-positive BC included protein kinase inhibitors (11.5%), and in triple-negative (TN)/BRCA-positive BC, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (30%).
  • Most regimens combined targeted agents with chemotherapy (58.6%) or endocrine therapy (40.4%).

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for increased development of target-matched agents in BC therapy.
  • Clinical development of agents for triple-negative/BRCA-positive and HR-positive BC requires prioritization.
  • Maintaining a value-based focus in BC research is essential for optimizing clinical initiatives.