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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury
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Pathophysiology of Septic Acute Kidney Injury

Johan Mårtensson, Rinaldo Bellomo

    Contributions to Nephrology
    |February 17, 2016
    PubMed
    Abstract

    Insights

    Treating septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is challenging due to limited options. While lab research shows promise, managing blood flow and fluid balance is key for critically ill patients with sepsis-induced AKI.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant clinical challenge with high mortality rates.
    • Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, effective therapeutic options for septic AKI are limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the pathophysiology of septic AKI.
    • To discuss potential therapeutic targets and current management strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on septic AKI.
    • Analysis of molecular and cellular pathways involved in septic AKI.
    • Evaluation of clinical management strategies.

    Main Results:

    • Septic AKI involves complex pathways including endothelial dysfunction, tubular damage, and cellular death.
    • Experimental therapies targeting these pathways show promise in preclinical models.
    • Clinical data supporting these targeted therapies in humans are currently lacking.

    Conclusions:

    • Septic AKI is initiated by pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns, leading to widespread cellular dysfunction.
    • While novel therapies are under investigation, hemodynamic optimization, including avoidance of congestion, hypotension, and fluid overload, is critical for managing septic AKI in critically ill patients.

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