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Updated: Mar 25, 2026
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Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
Published on: December 11, 2016
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Can KAATSU Exercise Cause Rhabdomyolysis?
1*Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) and the Department of Biomedical Sciences at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio; and †Institute on Aging and the Department of Aging and Geriatric Research at the University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Summary
Blood flow-restricted exercise can cause exertional rhabdomyolysis, a serious muscle condition. Caution is advised when using this exercise method, starting slowly and progressing gradually.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Medicine
- Muscle Physiology
Background:
- Low-load resistance exercise with reduced blood flow, known as blood flow-restricted (BFR) exercise or KAATSU exercise, is gaining popularity for muscle adaptation.
- While BFR exercise offers potential benefits, safety concerns, particularly regarding exertional rhabdomyolysis, require careful consideration.
Observation:
- This report details the second documented case of exertional rhabdomyolysis following BFR exercise.
- A 20-year-old male participant developed severe symptoms after performing 6 sets of knee-extension and elbow-flexion exercises with blood flow restriction.
Findings:
- The participant experienced significant delayed onset muscle soreness and markedly elevated creatine kinase levels (peak: 36,000 IU/L).
- These clinical indicators led to hospitalization for exertional rhabdomyolysis, highlighting a severe adverse event associated with the exercise protocol.
Implications:
- Investigators and practitioners should exercise caution when implementing BFR exercise protocols.
- Gradual progression of exercise intensity and duration is recommended to mitigate the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis and ensure participant safety.
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