Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from the Latex of Euphorbia helioscopia

One new jatrophane diterpenoid, 7α,9β,15β-triacetoxy-3β-benzoyloxy-14β-hydroxyjatropha-5E,11E-diene (3), together with four known macrocyclic diterpenoids, euphoheliosnoid A (1), epieuphoscopin B (2), euphohelioscopin A (4) and euphoscopin C (5), were isolated from the stem latex of Euphorbia helioscopia. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analyses. In the anti-inflammatory assay, euphohelioscopin A (4) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity on the release of cytokine TNF-α (IC50 = 23.7 ± 1.7 μM), IL-6 (IC50 = 46.1 ± 1.1 μM) and chemokine MCP-1 (IC50 = 33.7 ± 3.8 μM) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW 264.7 macrophages without notable cytotoxicity (IC50 > 80 μM).