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Development of three-dimensional tissue engineered bone-oral mucosal composite models.

Thafar Almela1, Ian M Brook1, Keyvan Moharamzadeh2

  • 1School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|February 18, 2016
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel 3D composite tissue combining engineered bone and oral mucosa. This biomimetic model shows potential for future applications in tissue regeneration and dental research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bone and oral mucosa tissue engineering have advanced independently.
  • A combined approach is needed to mimic alveolar bone with overlying oral mucosa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and investigate a novel 3D in vitro composite tissue of bone and oral mucosa.
  • To create a model mimicking the natural structure of alveolar bone with oral mucosa.

Main Methods:

  • Rat osteosarcoma (ROS) cells seeded into hydroxyapatite/tri-calcium phosphate scaffolds, cultured for 3 months.
  • Engineered oral mucosa (EOM) fabricated using immortalized oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
  • EOM incorporated into bone constructs using tissue adhesive, followed by culture and assessment.

Main Results:

  • ROS cells remained vital and densely populated the scaffold.
  • Micro-CT showed changes in scaffold porosity (increased closed, decreased open/total).
  • Histology revealed differentiated epithelium, viable fibroblasts, and ROS cells within the bone scaffold.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated feasibility of fabricating a novel bone-oral mucosa model using cell lines.
  • Further characterization with human 'normal' cell-based models is needed for optimization.
  • The model shows potential for in vitro and in vivo applications in regenerative dentistry.