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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane

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Published on: March 30, 2015

Plant endosomal NHX antiporters: Activity and function.

Quan-Sheng Qiu¹

¹a MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.

Plant Signaling & Behavior

|February 19, 2016

Summary

Endosomal Na(+),K(+)/H(+) antiporters AtNHX5 and AtNHX6 are crucial for plant ion and pH balance. They also ensure proper protein transport into the vacuole, impacting seedling growth.

Keywords:

Arabidopsis Na+,K+/H+ antiporters conserved acidic residues endosome ion transport pH homeostasis protein transport

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Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

Published on: December 31, 2019

Area of Science:

Plant molecular biology
Cellular transport mechanisms
Ion homeostasis

Background:

The Arabidopsis NHX antiporter family has three subclasses: vacuolar, endosomal, and plasma membrane.
Endosomal NHXs, specifically AtNHX5 and AtNHX6, are increasingly recognized for their roles.
These antiporters are localized to the Golgi, TGN, and PVC.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the function of endosomal Na(+),K(+)/H(+) antiporters AtNHX5 and AtNHX6 in Arabidopsis.
To elucidate their roles in ion transport, pH homeostasis, and protein trafficking.

Main Methods:

Sequence alignment to identify conserved residues.
Analysis of knockout mutants (nhx5 nhx6) to observe phenotypic changes.
Investigating the regulation of VSR binding to cargoes.

Main Results:

AtNHX5 and AtNHX6 mediate K(+) and Na(+) transport and regulate cellular pH.
Three conserved acidic residues are critical for K(+) transport and seedling growth.
Seed storage protein precursors are missorted in nhx5 nhx6 mutants, indicating a role in vacuolar protein transport.
AtNHX5 and AtNHX6 regulate VSR-cargo binding.

Conclusions:

AtNHX5 and AtNHX6 are essential for maintaining cellular ion and pH homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
These antiporters play a critical role in the vacuolar protein transport pathway.
Their functions are vital for normal plant growth and development.