Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

377

A Multisite Study of Oral Clefts and Associated Abnormalities in Thailand: The Epidemiologic Data

Bowornsilp Chowchuen1, Sanguansak Thanaviratananich1, Vichai Chichareon1

  • 1Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand; Surgical Unit, Sara Buri Hospital, Sara Buri, Thailand; Surgical Unit, Buddhachinaraj Hospital, Phitsanulok, Thailand; and Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
|February 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated birth defects like cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CLP) in Thailand. The overall incidence was 1.51 per 1000 live births, with regional variations noted.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CLP) are common congenital anomalies.
  • Understanding the epidemiological data and risk factors for CLP is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Previous data on CLP incidence in Thailand is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the birth incidence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CLP) in the Thai population.
  • To identify associated risk factors for CLP births.
  • To analyze the geographical distribution of CLP births.

Main Methods:

  • Data collected over 12 months (2003-2004) from all hospitals in 6 provinces across 4 regions of Thailand.
  • Infant deliveries with CLP and associated risk factors were recorded.
  • Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to analyze birth incidence, related factors, and geographical linkage.

Main Results:

  • Overall CLP birth incidence was 1.51 per 1000 live births.
  • Higher incidences observed in Phitsanulok (2.01), Saraburi (1.69), and Khon Kaen (1.66) provinces.
  • Northeast region showed variations in gestational age and higher maternal vitamin A intake; folic acid supplementation was low across all regions.

Conclusions:

  • Varied incidence suggests potential issues with case ascertainment accuracy.
  • Geographic Information System (GIS) proved valuable for background investigation and planning cleft care.
  • The study provides a foundation for future etiological research and the establishment of birth registries for CLP.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans10:23

Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans

Published on: September 8, 2023

3.9K

Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
2.7K
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
19
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
2.1K
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
1.5K
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
3.8K
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
14