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Overview of the Skull01:08

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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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Head Injury- A Maxillofacial Surgeon's Perspective.

Muralee Mohan Choonthar1, Ananthan Raghothaman2, Rajendra Prasad3

  • 1Professor, Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences , Mangalore, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|February 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Facial fractures often accompany severe head injuries, including traumatic brain injury. Prompt diagnosis of associated intracranial hemorrhage is vital for improving patient outcomes and requires oral and maxillofacial surgeons to suspect and manage head trauma.

Keywords:
Cerebrospinal fluidDiffuse axonal injuryIntracranial pressureMaxillofacial injuriesSubdural haematomaTraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Injuries and violence are a leading global cause of mortality, with maxillofacial trauma being common.
  • Maxillofacial injuries frequently occur with head and cervical spine injuries, which can be life-threatening.
  • Facial fractures are strongly associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical association between facial fractures and traumatic brain injury.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing and diagnosing concomitant head injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma.
  • To underscore the role of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the initial management of head injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on maxillofacial trauma and associated head injuries.
  • Analysis of the clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges in patients with combined injuries.
  • Discussion of the implications for surgical and medical management.

Main Results:

  • Facial fractures can distract from the diagnosis of more severe, life-threatening intracranial injuries.
  • Early identification of intracranial hemorrhage is crucial for timely treatment and better patient outcomes.
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are positioned to identify potential head injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must be vigilant in suspecting and diagnosing head injuries in patients presenting with facial fractures.
  • Adequate initial management of head injuries by maxillofacial surgeons can significantly impact patient prognosis.
  • Integrated care pathways are essential for managing patients with complex maxillofacial and head trauma.