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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
Published on: March 22, 2012
Invasive Aspergillosis: Current Strategies for Diagnosis and Management
Jose Cadena1, George R Thompson2, Thomas F Patterson1
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
Abstract:
Aspergillosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised population. The spectrum of disease is broad, ranging from severe and rapidly fatal infection to noninvasive disease. The diversity of patients and risk factors complicates diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making. Invasive procedures are often precluded by host status; noninvasive diagnostic tests vary in their sensitivity and specificity. Advancements in understanding the pathophysiology of invasive aspergillosis and host genetics in differential risk have also occurred. Future work may assist in therapeutic decision-making and patient prognosis. Voriconazole remains the preferred agent for treatment. Additional alternatives have emerged.
Insights
Aspergillosis causes significant illness and death in immunocompromised patients. Research advances understanding of invasive aspergillosis, aiding diagnosis and treatment, with voriconazole as a key therapy.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Aspergillosis is a major cause of illness and death in immunocompromised individuals.
- The disease spectrum ranges from noninvasive to rapidly fatal infections.
- Complex patient factors and risk profiles complicate diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of aspergillosis in immunocompromised populations.
- To highlight challenges in diagnosis and treatment decision-making.
- To discuss advancements in pathophysiology, host genetics, and therapeutic options.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of aspergillosis pathophysiology and host genetics.
- Analysis of diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity.
- Evaluation of current and emerging treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- Invasive aspergillosis presents a broad clinical spectrum.
- Diagnostic challenges exist due to invasive procedure limitations and variable noninvasive test performance.
- Understanding of disease mechanisms and host risk factors has improved.
- Voriconazole is the primary treatment, with new alternatives available.
Conclusions:
- Aspergillosis management requires careful consideration of patient-specific factors.
- Ongoing research into pathophysiology and host genetics is crucial for prognosis.
- Effective therapeutic strategies, including voriconazole and emerging alternatives, are vital.
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