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INTERSESSION RELIABILITY OF UPPER EXTREMITY ISOKINETIC PUSH-PULL TESTING.

Bryan L Riemann1, Sarah E Davis1, Kevin Huet1

  • 1Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Armstrong State University, Savannah, GA, USA.

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy
|February 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that upper extremity (UE) closed kinetic chain (CKC) isokinetic testing for pushing and pulling is reliable. These reliable measures can help assess muscle performance during rehabilitation.

Keywords:
Closed kinetic chainpower testingstrength testingupper extremity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Functional activities frequently involve pushing and pulling motions.
  • Objective quantification of muscle performance in these motions is needed, especially for rehabilitation discharge criteria.
  • Limited data exists on closed kinetic chain (CKC) isokinetic testing of the upper extremity (UE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine intersession reliability of isokinetic UE CKC measurements for peak force (PF) and average power (AP).
  • Assess reliability across slow, medium, and fast velocities (0.24, 0.43, 0.61 m/s).
  • Compare PF and AP between dominant and non-dominant UE limbs and between pushing and pulling movements.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four healthy adults underwent a test-retest protocol (>96 hours).
  • Isokinetic UE CKC push and pull tests were performed at three randomized velocities.
  • Five maximal repetitions were recorded for PF and AP.

Main Results:

  • High test-retest reliability was found for PF (.91-.97) and AP (.85-.95).
  • Peak force (PF) decreased with increased velocity; average power (AP) increased with increased velocity.
  • Pushing movements yielded significantly greater PF and AP than pulling movements, with no significant limb differences.

Conclusions:

  • Isokinetically derived UE CKC push-pull PF and AP are reliable measures.
  • The absence of limb differences suggests bilateral comparisons are viable for clinicians.
  • Greater pushing force and power may relate to muscle involvement and functional activity frequency.